The Earth as a planetary system has experienced significant change since its formation c.
4.54 Gyr ago. Some of these changes have been gradual, such as secular cooling of the …

Oxygen thermobarometry measurements on spinel peridotite rocks indicate that the oxygen
fugacity at the top of the upper mantle falls within±2 log units of the fayalite-magnetite-quartz …

In the giant impact theory, the Moon formed from debris ejected into an Earth-orbiting disk by
the collision of a large planet with the early Earth. Prior impact simulations predict that much …

In order to test accretion simulations as well as planetary differentiation scenarios, we have
integrated a multistage core–mantle differentiation model with N-body accretion simulations …

Theory and observations point to the occurrence of magma ponds or oceans in the early
evolution of terrestrial planets and in many early-accreting planetesimals. The apparent …

The 182Hf–182W systematics of meteoritic and planetary samples provide firm constraints
on the chronology of the accretion and earliest evolution of asteroids and terrestrial planets …

The current state of understanding of the lunar interior is the sum of nearly four decades of
work and a range of exploration programs spanning that same time period. Missions of the …

A model of core formation is presented that involves the Earth accreting heterogeneously
through a series of impacts with smaller differentiated bodies. Each collision results in the …

We performed experiments to separate the effects of temperature, pressure and metal
composition on the metal-silicate partitioning of V, Ni, Co, Mn and Si in order to refine the …

The distributions of major and minor elements in Earth's core and mantle were primarily
established by high pressure, high temperature metal–silicate partitioning during core …