Establishing the first human presence on Mars will be the most technically challenging
undertaking yet in the exploration beyond our planet. The remoteness of Mars from Earth …

Excessive combustion of fossil fuels for energy production, with concomitant release to the
atmosphere of huge amounts of gases bearing greenhouse effects have urged search for …

Climate change poses a significant threat to global agriculture, necessitating innovative
solutions. Plant synthetic biology, particularly chloroplast engineering, holds promise as a …

'Marker-free'strategies for creating transgenic microorganisms avoid the issue of potential
transmission of antibiotic resistance genes to other microorganisms. An already-established …

Photosynthetic microbes are gaining increasing attention as heterologous hosts for the light-
driven, low-cost production of high-value recombinant proteins. Recent advances in the …

Polyethylene terephthalate hydrolases (PETases) are a newly discovered and industrially
important class of enzymes that catalyze the enzymatic degradation of polyethylene …

Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a Gram-negative nitrogen-fixing freshwater filamentous
cyanobacterium with a rich nutritional profile that is approved for human consumption by …

Microalgae are cosmopolitan organisms in nature with short life cycles, playing a
tremendous role in reducing the pressure of industrial carbon emissions. Besides …

Algae are diverse organisms with significant biotechnological potential for resource
circularity. Taking inspiration from fermentative microbes, engineering algal genomes holds …

Addressing nutritional deficiencies in food crops through biofortification is a sustainable
approach to tackling malnutrition. Biofortification is continuously being attempted through …