Highlights•To date, metabolites from more than 10 different metabolic classes have been
identified as lignin building blocks, totaling 35 monomers.•Despite this flexibility, limitations …

Contents Summary 35 I. Introduction 35 II. Nitrogen acquisition and assimilation 36 III. Root‐
to‐shoot transport of nitrogen 38 IV. Nitrogen storage pools in vegetative tissues 39 V …

Caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) are specialized plant metabolites we encounter in our daily life.
Humans consume CQAs in mg‐to‐gram quantities through dietary consumption of plant …

Salicylic acid (SA) is a key plant hormone required for establishing resistance to many
pathogens. SA biosynthesis involves two main metabolic pathways with multiple steps: the …

As sessile organisms, plants evolved elaborate metabolic systems that produce a plethora of
specialized metabolites as a means to survive challenging terrestrial environments …

Abstract Development of hyperproducing strains is important for biomanufacturing of
biochemicals and biofuels but requires extensive efforts to engineer cellular metabolism and …

In agricultural cropping systems, relatively large amounts of nitrogen (N) are applied for
plant growth and development, and to achieve high yields. However, with increasing N …

Plants synthesize a diversity of volatile molecules that are important for reproduction and
defense, serve as practical products for humans, and influence atmospheric chemistry and …

Flavonoids are specialized metabolites largely widespread in plants where they play
numerous roles including defense and signaling under stress conditions. These compounds …

Wood is an abundant and renewable feedstock for the production of pulp, fuels, and
biobased materials. However, wood is recalcitrant toward deconstruction into cellulose and …