Kidney stone disease (KSD)(alternatively nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis) is a global health
care problem that affects people in almost all of developed and developing countries. Its …

Introduction: With a rise in the incidence of stone disease, more research is needed to
understand the lifestyle factors associated with it. We evaluate available evidence for …

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS) and
kidney stone risk using NHANES 2007-2018 data, and to explore potential mechanisms and …

Background Body mass index (BMI) is a vital risk factor for kidney stones, but physical
activity may reduce the incidence of kidney stones. However, it remains unknown whether …

Urolithiasis, which prevalence is increasing, poses a risk for chronic kidney disease in
patients. Dietary habits play a significant role in stone formation, growth and recurrence …

Ethylene oxide (EO) is known to cause inflammatory damage, and suitable physical activity
can reportedly affect the risk of kidney stones. In this study, we aimed to investigate the …

Urolithiasis is closely linked to lifestyle factors. However, the causal relationship and
underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship …

Background: The causal link between smoking, alcohol consumption, and upper urinary
calculi remains uncertain in observational studies due to confounding factors. To uncover …

Objectives Most kidney stones contain calcium, which is closely associated with human
bone health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between the history of …

Background Kidney stones are a frequent and potentially severe condition, affecting 5–10%
of the European population. Causes are multifactorial, diet in particular plays a major role in …