Unresolved low grade systemic inflammation represents the underlying pathological
mechanism driving immune and metabolic pathways involved in autoimmune diseases …

Among various factors, such as an unhealthy diet or a sedentarity lifestyle, excessive
fructose consumption is known to favor nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as fructose …

Objective A close relationship between gut microbiota and some chronic liver disorders has
recently been described. Herein, we systematically performed a comparative analysis of the …

Blood in healthy organisms is seen as a 'sterile'environment: it lacks proliferating microbes.
Dormant or not-immediately-culturable forms are not absent, however, as intracellular …

Autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases, including primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and
primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are manifested as an impairment of normal bile flow …

Background and aims Behçet syndrome is a systemic inflammatory condition characterized
by muco-cutaneous and ocular manifestations, with central nervous system, vascular and/or …

Autoimmune disorders (ADs) are multifactorial diseases involving, genetic, epigenetic, and
environmental factors characterized by an inappropriate immune response toward self …

Background & Aims Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells
characterised by the invariant TCR-chain, Vα7. 2-Jα33, and are restricted by MR1, which …

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease
with an increasing incidence worldwide. Single drug therapy may have toxic side effects and …

The gut microbiota consists of a dynamic multispecies community of bacteria, fungi, archaea,
and protozoans, playing a fundamental role in the induction, training, and function of the …