The importance of cancer-cell-autonomous functions of the tumour suppressor p53
(encoded by TP53) has been established in many studies, but it is now clear that the p53 …

Cells primarily rely on proteins to perform the majority of their physiological functions, and
the function of proteins is regulated by post‑translational modifications (PTMs). The …

Tumor cells often reprogram their metabolism for rapid proliferation. The roles of long
noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in metabolism remodeling and the underlying mechanisms …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from living cells play important roles in donor cell-
induced recipient tissue regeneration. Although numerous studies have found that cells …

Mutations in the TP53 gene and microenvironmentally driven activation of hypoxia-inducible
factor-1 (HIF-1) typically occur in later stages of tumorigenesis. An ongoing challenge is the …

Autophagy is a cell survival process which is related to breaking down and reusing
cytoplasm components. Moreover, autophagy regulates cell death under certain conditions …

Ubiquitination modulates a large repertoire of cellular functions and thus, dysregulation of
the ubiquitin system results in multiple human diseases, including cancer. Ubiquitination …

Radiotherapy is a mainstream modality for breast cancer treatment that employs ionizing
radiation (IR) to damage tumor cell DNA and elevate ROS stress, which demonstrates …

Genetic alterations driving aberrant activation of the survival kinase Protein Kinase B (Akt)
are observed with high frequency during malignant transformation and cancer progression …

Hypoxia and elevated extracellular acidification are prevalent features of solid tumors and
they are often shown to facilitate cancer progression and drug resistance. In this review, we …