Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have allowed significant breakthroughs in
microbial ecology studies. This has led to the rapid expansion of research in the field and …

Levels of inflammatory mediators in circulation are known to increase with age, but the
underlying cause of this age-associated inflammation is debated. We find that, when …

Abstract Motivation The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene is widely used to survey microbial
communities. Sequences are often clustered into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) as …

Background & Aims Probiotics can reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but
little is known about their effects on psychiatric comorbidities. We performed a prospective …

The application of high-throughput next-generation sequencing to the analysis of the human
microbiome has led to a shift in our understanding of the etiology of complex diseases. In …

Humans and their microbiomes have coevolved as a physiologic community composed of
distinct body site niches with metabolic and antigenic diversity. The placental microbiome …

Objective To gain mechanistic insights, we compared effects of low fermentable
oligosaccharides, disaccharides and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) and high …

Background This study was undertaken to characterize the vaginal microbiota throughout
normal human pregnancy using sequence-based techniques. We compared the vaginal …

Early-life stress is a determinant of vulnerability to a variety of disorders that include
dysfunction of the brain and gut. Here we exploit a model of early-life stress, maternal …

The tumor microenvironment of colorectal carcinoma is a complex community of genomically
altered cancer cells, nonneoplastic cells, and a diverse collection of microorganisms. Each …