Collisionless shocks, that is shocks mediated by electromagnetic processes, are customary
in space physics and in astrophysics. They are to be found in a great variety of objects and …

The explosion of a supernova releases almost instantaneously about 10^ 51 51 ergs of
mechanic energy, changing irreversibly the physical and chemical properties of large …

Galactic cosmic-ray (CR) acceleration to the knee in the spectrum at a few PeV is only
possible if the magnetic field ahead of a supernova remnant (SNR) shock is strongly …

We demonstrate that supernova remnant (SNR) shocks embedded within massive star
clusters can reproduce both the cosmic-ray proton and all-particle spectra measured in the …

Diffusive shock acceleration is a prominent mechanism for producing energetic particles in
space and in astrophysical systems. Such energetic particles have long been predicted to …

This review describes the basic theory of cosmic ray acceleration by shocks including the
plasma instabilities confining cosmic rays near the shock, the effect of the magnetic field …

Collisionless plasma shocks are efficient sources of nonthermal particle acceleration in
space and astrophysical systems. We use hybrid (kinetic ion—fluid electron) simulations to …

Diffusive shock acceleration is the theory of particle acceleration through multiple shock
crossings. In order for this process to proceed at a rate that can be reconciled with …

We construct the most complete sample of supernova remnants (SNRs) in any galaxy—the
Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) SNR sample. We study their various properties such as …

The arrival directions of Galactic cosmic rays are highly isotropic. This is expected from the
presence of turbulent magnetic fields in our Galactic environment that repeatedly scatter …