Traditional cooling systems consume tremendous amounts of energy and thus aggravate
the greenhouse effect,. Passive radiative cooling, dissipating an object's heat through an …

The habitable zone (HZ) is the circular region around a star (s) where standing bodies of
water could exist on the surface of a rocky planet. Space missions employ the HZ to select …

The debate over the early Martian climate is among the most intriguing in planetary science.
Although the geologic evidence generally supports a warmer and wetter climate, climate …

The scientific community is allocating more and more resources to space missions and
astronomical observations dedicated to the search for life beyond Earth. This experimental …

Traditional definitions of the habitable zone assume that habitable planets contain a
carbonate–silicate cycle that regulates CO2 between the atmosphere, surface, and the …

Rocky planets with temperate conditions provide the best chance for discovering habitable
worlds and life outside the Solar system. In the last decades, new instrumental facilities and …

Energy balance models (EBMs), alongside radiative–convective climate models and global
climate models (GCMs), are useful tools for simulating planetary climates. Historically …

Energy balance models (EBMs) are 1D or 2D climate models that can provide insights into
planetary atmospheres, particularly with regard to habitability. Because EBMs are far less …

The recent detection of Earth-sized planets in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri,
Trappist-1, and many other nearby M-type stars has led to speculations whether liquid water …

Understanding the possible climatic conditions on rocky extrasolar planets, and thereby their
potential habitability, is one of the major subjects of exoplanet research. Determining how …