Over the last two decades, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an endogenous
regulator of a broad range of physiological functions. H2S belongs to the class of molecules …

Symbiosis is found throughout nature, but perhaps nowhere is it more fundamental than
mitochondria in all eukaryotes. Since mitochondria were discovered and mechanisms of …

In contrast to most vertebrates, freshwater turtles of the genera Trachemys and Chrysemys
survive total oxygen deprivation for long periods of time. This remarkable tolerance makes …

Polymerization of actin filaments and microtubules constitutes a ubiquitous demand for
cellular adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP). In …

Behavioural flexibility allows ectotherms to exploit the environment to govern their metabolic
physiology, including in response to environmental stress. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a …

The freshwater Western painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, is one of the most anoxia-tolerant
vertebrates able to withstand months of anoxic conditions under ice-covered lakes. The …

The western painted turtle has evolved mechanisms that allow for survival during months of
severe hypoxia without neuronal damage. This is achieved by suppressing metabolism and …