Recent intensive and extensive development of the fifth-generation (5G) of cellular networks
has led to their deployment throughout much of the world. As part of this implementation …

Visible light communication (VLC) has become a promising technology for high data rate
communications and an attractive complementary to conventional radio frequency (RF) …

Wireless communications refer to data transmissions in unguided propagation media
through the use of wireless carriers such as radio frequency (RF) and visible light (VL) …

In current era, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been explored as a multiple
access scheme for visible light communication (VLC) systems owing to its many advantages …

In this study, predictions by leading network technology companies and current literature on
5 G technologies have been investigated to shed a light on the foreseeable future of the …

The expectation for communication systems beyond 5G/6G is to provide high reliability, high
throughput, low latency, and high energy efficiency services. The integration between …

In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security for a reconfigurable intelligent
surface (RIS)-aided heterogeneous visible light communication (VLC) and radio-frequency …

With the development of light emitting diode (LED) lighting technology and its wide
applications, visible light communication (VLC) technology has also seen significant …

Optical wireless networks, particularly free-space optical (FSO) in outdoor environments and
visible light communication (VLC) in indoor environments, suffer from severe deterioration in …

Abstract Visible Light Communication (VLC) exploits visible light for high-speed data
transmission; it serves as the medium for transmission using intensity modulation …