Background Critical illness is characterized by a loss of commensal flora and an overgrowth
of potentially pathogenic bacteria, leading to a high susceptibility to nosocomial infections …

Introduction Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest public health threats worldwide.
Currently, antibiotic-resistant bacteria kill 700,000 people every year. These data represent …

Respiratory diseases cause a high incidence and mortality worldwide. As a natural
immunobiotic, Lactobacillus has excellent immunomodulatory ability. Administration of some …

A growing body of evidence suggests critical illness and ubiquitous antibiotic use leads to
ICU dysbiosis that is associated with increased ICU infection, sepsis, and multiple organ …

BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious
complication of mechanical ventilation. We conducted a meta-analysis of published …

Background Ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs as a life‐threatening
complication in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. Probiotic administration may …

Background: Presently, there is conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of probiotics in
the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This meta-analysis was conducted …

Background and Objective: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is still an important
cause of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. The efficacy of the …

Background & aims Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized
controlled trials concluded that probiotics administration in critically ill patients was safe and …

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms is increasing worldwide, posing a unique
challenge to global health care systems. Novel approaches are needed to combat the …