Over recent decades, cosmological simulations of galaxy formation have been instrumental
in advancing our understanding of structure and galaxy formation in the Universe. These …

Although dark matter is a central element of modern cosmology, the history of how it became
accepted as part of the dominant paradigm is often ignored or condensed into an anecdotal …

We review recent developments and results in testing general relativity (GR) at cosmological
scales. The subject has witnessed rapid growth during the last two decades with the aim of …

In this review we present a thoroughly comprehensive survey of recent work on modified
theories of gravity and their cosmological consequences. Amongst other things, we cover …

A wealth of astronomical data indicate the presence of mass discrepancies in the Universe.
The motions observed in a variety of classes of extragalactic systems exceed what can be …

The status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical frameworks for
analyzing them is reviewed and updated. Einstein's equivalence principle (EEP) is well …

We propose a novel theory of dark matter (DM) superfluidity that matches the successes of
the Λ cold dark matter (Λ CDM) model on cosmological scales while simultaneously …

The majority of the matter in the universe is still unidentified and under investigation by both
direct and indirect means. Many experiments searching for the recoil of dark-matter particles …

Modifications of general relativity provide an alternative explanation to dark energy for the
observed acceleration of the universe. We review recent developments in modified gravity …

A general account of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) theory is given. I start with the
basic tenets of MOND, which posit departure from standard dynamics in the limit of low …