Ligation of the CD28 receptor on T cells provides a critical second signal alongside T cell
receptor (TCR) ligation for naive T cell activation. Here, we discuss the expression, structure …

Long-term utilization of immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients (OTRs) leads to
decreased immune-mediated tumor surveillance and development of malignant tumors. A …

Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) revolutionized the field of organ transplantation and remain the
standard of care 40 years after the discovery of cyclosporine. The early impressive results of …

Nearly 350 IgG-based therapeutics are approved for clinical use or are under development
for many diseases lacking adequate treatment options. These include molecularly …

Background Most people who receive a kidney transplant die from either cardiovascular
disease or cancer before their transplant fails. The most common reason for someone with a …

Stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors (PRs) have restored
vision in preclinical models of human retinal degenerative disease. This review discusses …

Recipients of extended-criteria donor (ECD) kidneys have poorer long-term outcomes
compared to standard-criteria donor kidney recipients. We report 3-year outcomes from a …

Almost every experimental treatment strategy using non-autologous cell, tissue or organ
transplantation is tested in small and large animal models before clinical translation …

The myriad of co-stimulatory signals expressed, or induced, upon T-cell activation suggests
that these signalling pathways shape the character and magnitude of the resulting …

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death and morbidity in kidney transplant
recipients and a common reason for post-transplant hospitalization. Several traditional and …