The TGF-β regulatory system plays crucial roles in the preservation of organismal integrity.
TGF-β signaling controls metazoan embryo development, tissue homeostasis, and injury …

Vascular and lymphatic malformations represent a challenge for clinicians. The identification
of inherited and somatic mutations in important signaling pathways, including the PI3K …

Clinicians are encouraged to document the reasons for the use of a particular procedure or
test, whether or not it is in conformance with this statement. Clinicians also are advised to …

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare disease characterized by heterotopic
ossification (HO) in connective tissues and painful flare-ups. In the phase 2 LUMINA-1 trial …

Genetic studies in animals and humans indicate that gene mutations that functionally perturb
transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling are linked to specific hereditary vascular …

We review the evolution and structure of members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-
β) family, antagonistic or agonistic modulators, and receptors that regulate TGF-β signaling …

The burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases worldwide is staggering. The
emergence of systems approaches in biology promises new therapies, faster and cheaper …

Since the discovery of myostatin (MSTN; also known as GDF-8) as a critical regulator of
skeletal muscle mass in 1997, there has been an extensive effort directed at understanding …

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted cytokines that were initially discovered
on the basis of their ability to induce bone. Several decades of research have now …

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a vascular dysplasia characterized by
telangiectases and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in particular locations described in …