The formation of the human gut microbiome initiates in utero, and its maturation is
established during the first 2–3 years of life. Numerous factors alter the composition of the …

More than 20% of American adults live with a mental disorder, many of whom are treatment
resistant or continue to experience symptoms. Other approaches are needed to improve …

Psychological stress during early development and adolescence may increase the risk of
psychiatric and cardiometabolic comorbidities in adulthood. The gut microbiota has been …

Early-life stress (ELS) has been robustly associated with a range of poor mental and
physical health outcomes. Recent studies implicate the gut microbiome in stress-related …

Objective: Identifying biomarkers that can distinguish trauma-exposed youth at risk for
developing posttraumatic pathology from resilient individuals is essential for targeted …

Adolescence is a crucial period marked by profound changes in the brain. Exposure to
psychological stressors such as bullying, abuse or maltreatment during this developmental …

The bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and the nervous system is known
as the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA). The MGBA controls the complex interactions …

The term early life stress encompasses traumatic events occurring before the age of 18
years, such as physical abuse, verbal abuse, household dysfunctions, sexual abuse …

Background: Extensive evidence from animal and human studies indicates that exposure to
stress during sensitive developmental periods significantly increases the risk for psychiatric …

During the perinatal period, addressing vulnerable contexts and building resilient systems
may promote neurobehavioral development. A pluralistic approach to research, taking a …