▪ Abstract Most prokaryotic signal-transduction systems and a few eukaryotic pathways use
phosphotransfer schemes involving two conserved components, a histidine protein kinase …

Bacterial chemoreceptors mediate chemotaxis by recognizing specific chemicals and
regulating a noncovalently associated histidine kinase. Ligand binding to the external …

Histidine kinases play a major role in signal transduction in prokaryotes for the cellular
adaptation to environmental conditions and stresses. Recent progress in the three …

HAMP domains mediate input-output signaling in h istidine kinases, a denylyl cyclases, m
ethyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, and some p hosphatases. HAMP subunits have two 16 …

To test the gearbox model of HAMP signalling in the Escherichia coli serine receptor, Tsr, we
generated a series of amino acid replacements at each residue of the AS1 and AS2 helices …

Bacteria use chemotaxis signaling pathways to sense environmental changes. Escherichia
coli chemotaxis system represents an ideal model that illustrates fundamental principles of …

In Escherichia coli, chemoreceptor clustering at a cell pole seems critical for signal
amplification and adaptation. However, little is known about the mechanism of localization …

The Tar protein of Escherichia coli is unique among known bacterial chemoreceptors in that
it generates additive responses to two very disparate ligands, aspartate and maltose …

In prokaryotes, in the absence of protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinases, protein histidine
kinases play a major role in signal transduction involved in cellular adaptation to various …

EnvZ, a transmembrane signal transducer, is composed of a periplasmic sensor domain,
transmembrane domains, and a cytoplasmic signaling domain. Between the second …