The threat of novel influenza infections has sparked research efforts to develop subunit
vaccines that can induce a more broadly protective immunity by targeting selected regions of …

Bacillus subtilis spore surface display (BSSD) technology is considered to be one of the
most promising approaches for expressing heterologous proteins with high activity and …

Chicken NK-lysin peptide 2 (cNK-2) is a natural lytic peptide with direct cytotoxicity against
many apicomplexan parasites including Eimeria. Developing an effective oral delivery …

The development of new-generation vaccines has followed a number of strategic avenues
including the use of live recombinant bacteria. Of these, the use of genetically engineered …

Recombinant Bacillus subtilis endospores have been used to vaccinate against tetanus and
anthrax. In this work, we have developed spores that could be used to vaccinate against …

There is a current need for safe, cheap, and effective vaccine adjuvants, to combine with sub‐
unit antigens to enhance their immunogenicity. In this study we have used probiotic Bacillus …

The development of efficient mucosal vaccines is strongly dependent on the use of
appropriate vectors. Various biological systems or synthetic nanoparticles have been …

Most pathogens enter the body through mucosal surfaces. Mucosal immunization, a non-
invasive needle-free route, often stimulates a mucosal immune response that is both …

Display systems that present biologically active molecules on the surface of microorganisms
have become increasingly used to address environmental and biomedical issues (1–3) …

With the increased knowledge on spore structure and advances in biotechnology
engineering, the newly developed spore-surface display system confers several inherent …