Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in both suppressive
and inflammatory immune responses. After 30 years of intense study, we have only begun to …

The hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pathogenesis is a progressive
depletion of CD 4+ T‐cell populations in close association with progressive impairment of …

How virulence evolves after a virus jumps to a new host species is central to disease
emergence. Our current understanding of virulence evolution is based on insights drawn …

Systemic chronic immune activation is considered today as the driving force of CD 4+ T‐cell
depletion and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A residual chronic immune …

Despite complete or near‐complete suppression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
replication with combination antiretroviral therapy, both HIV and chronic …

The AIDS pandemic continues to present us with unique scientific and public health
challenges. Although the development of effective antiretroviral therapy has been a major …

Systemic immune activation has emerged as an essential component of the
immunopathogenesis of HIV. It not only leads to faster disease progression, but also to …

Advances in genome sequencing technologies have created new opportunities for
comparative primate genomics. Genome assemblies have been published for various …

The initial development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) as a vaccine vector for HIV/simian
immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was predicated on its potential to pre-position high-frequency …

While CD4+ T cell depletion is key to disease progression in people living with HIV and SIV-
infected macaques, the mechanisms underlying this depletion remain incompletely …