An updated review: white etching cracks (WECs) and axial cracks in wind turbine gearbox bearings

MH Evans - Materials Science and Technology, 2016 - Taylor & Francis
The actual service life of wind turbine gearboxes is often well below the desired 20 years.
One of the prevalent failure modes in gearbox bearing raceways is white structure flaking …

Early wear detection and its significance for condition monitoring

P Lu, HE Powrie, RJK Wood, TJ Harvey, NR Harris - Tribology International, 2021 - Elsevier
This paper proposes the concept of how machinery condition monitoring can be taken to the
next level, through micro-sensing of tribological phenomena occurring between contacting …

[HTML][HTML] The origins of white etching cracks and their significance to rolling bearing failures

F Manieri, K Stadler, GE Morales-Espejel… - International Journal of …, 2019 - Elsevier
Presence of white etching cracks has been widely associated with early failures of rolling
bearings in a number of applications, with wind turbine gearbox bearings being the most …

Mechanism of cementite decomposition in 100Cr6 bearing steels during high pressure torsion

Y Qin, D Mayweg, PY Tung, R Pippan, M Herbig - Acta Materialia, 2020 - Elsevier
Severe plastic deformation leads to cementite decomposition in pearlitic and martensitic
alloys, resulting in high-strength nanocrystalline ferrite. This effect can be employed to …

Broad review of “White Etching Crack” failure in wind turbine gearbox bearings: Main factors and experimental investigations

FJ López-Uruñuela, B Fernández-Díaz… - International Journal of …, 2021 - Elsevier
Subsurface crack networks surrounded by microstructural alterations, named as “White
Etching Cracks”(WEC), lead to wind turbine gearbox bearing (WTGB) premature failures …

The evolution of white etching cracks (WECs) in rolling contact fatigue-tested 100Cr6 steel

AD Richardson, MH Evans, L Wang, RJK Wood… - Tribology Letters, 2018 - Springer
The formation of white etching cracks (WECs) in steel rolling element bearings can lead to
the premature rolling contact fatigue (RCF) failure mode called white structure flaking …

Investigating the process of white etching crack initiation in bearing steel

B Gould, A Greco - Tribology Letters, 2016 - Springer
White etching cracks (WECs) have been identified as a dominant mode of premature failure
within wind turbine gearbox bearings. Though WECs have been reported in the field for over …

The influence of sliding and contact severity on the generation of white etching cracks

B Gould, A Greco - Tribology Letters, 2015 - Springer
White etching cracks (WECs) have been identified as the dominant mechanism of premature
failure for bearings within wind turbine gearboxes. Though WECs have been observed in …

Moving cracks form white etching areas during rolling contact fatigue in bearings

L Morsdorf, D Mayweg, Y Li, A Diederichs… - Materials Science and …, 2020 - Elsevier
White etching cracks (WECs) and the associated white etching areas (WEAs) are
responsible for failure of widely spread engineering applications such as bearings and …

White etching crack root cause investigations

W Holweger, M Wolf, D Merk, T Blass, M Goss… - Tribology …, 2015 - Taylor & Francis
White etching crack (WEC) failure is distinct to classical fatigue and driven by the
composition of lubricants under special loading conditions; for example, slippage and …