I explore the relationship between public health and human rights by examining the
Brazilian government's policy of free and universal access to anti-retroviral medicines for …

What is the optimal system of intellectual property rights to encourage innovation? Empirical
evidence from economic history can help to inform important policy questions that have …

O artigo discute a evolução do sistema internacional de direitos de propriedade intelectual
em três fases e as implicações para saúde pública, especialmente para a implementação …

Compulsory licensing allows firms in developing countries to produce foreign-owned
inventions without the consent of foreign patent owners. This paper uses an exogenous …

Private property ordinarily triggers notions of individual rights, not social obligations. After all,
the core function of private property, at least according to conventional lore, is to insulate …

Patent law is crucial to encourage technological innovation. But as the patent system
currently stands, diverse industries from pharmaceuticals to software to semiconductors are …

About half, probably more, of all patented inventions in the United States are never
commercially exploited.'Many of these undeveloped inventions are commercially worthless …

One of the most revolutionary legal changes in the past generation has been the"
propertization" of intellectual property (IP). The duration and scope of rights expand without …

The foundational notion of property law is that" the right to exclude" is the essence of a true
property right.'Using the classic property lens, the appropriate relief for trespass is thus an …

The soaring cost of pharmaceuticals is one of the most pressing domestic policy issues in
the United States today. Nearly one-fifth of the US Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is spent …