Precision medicine (PM), also termed stratified, individualised, targeted, or personalised
medicine, embraces a rapidly expanding area of research, knowledge, and practice. It …

Background With rising healthcare costs over the last decades, the concept of efficiency has
gained popularity in healthcare provision research. As efficiency can be understood and …

The balanced allocation of medical and health resources is an important basis for the
sustainable development of health undertakings. In recent years, China has made …

Mathematical models allow studying complex systems. In particular, optimal facility location
models provide a sound framework to assess the performance of first-level of health care …

Older adults with multiple chronic conditions and polypharmacy are at an increased risk of
having adverse health outcomes, affecting quality of life and generating costs. Primary care …

High quality primary care is a foundational element of effective health services.
Internationally, primary care physicians (general practitioners (GPs), family doctors) are …

Background Primary care is widely seen as a core component of resilient and sustainable
health systems, yet its efficiency is not well understood and there is a lack of evidence about …

Strengthening primary healthcare (PHC) is vital for enhancing efficiency and improving
access, clinical outcomes, and population well-being. The World Health Organization …

Background Recent policy initiatives seeking to address the workforce crisis in general
practice have promoted greater multidisciplinarity. Evidence is lacking on how changes in …

Objectives To assess the relative productivity of primary medical services in England and the
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on productivity levels. Setting Primary medical services …