Nowadays, diabetes and obesity are two main health-threatening metabolic disorders in the
world, which increase the risk for many chronic diseases. Apelin, a peptide hormone, exerts …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality and is
independently associated with cardiovascular disease. The mainstay of treatment for CKD is …

We report here the discovery and characterization of a gene, ELABELA (ELA), encoding a
conserved hormone of 32 amino acids. Present in human embryonic stem cells, ELA is …

Introduction Embryogenesis is thought to be directed by a small number of signaling
pathways with most if not all embryonic signals having been identified. However, the …

Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational hypertensive syndrome affecting between 5 and 8% of all
pregnancies. Although PE is the leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality …

Obesity-driven chronic inflammation and impaired fibrinolysis appear to be major effector
mechanisms of thrombosis in obesity. The proinflammatory and hypofibrinolytic effects of …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that incorporated a group of conditions that
affect the blood vessels and the heart. CVD is a foremost cause of fatalities around the …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular remodeling associated
with obliteration of pulmonary arterioles and formation of plexiform lesions composed of …

Effective myocardial function depends primarily on oxidative energy production. In humans,
at a heart rate of 60 to 70 beats per minute, the oxygen consumption normalized per gram of …

Cardiac hypertrophy is initiated as an adaptive response to sustained overload but
progresses pathologically as heart failure ensues. Here we report that genetic loss of APJ, a …