Losses in crop yields due to disease need to be reduced in order to meet increasing global
food demands associated with growth in the human population. There is a well-recognized …

Plant protoplasts show physiological perceptions and responses to hormones, metabolites,
environmental cues, and pathogen-derived elicitors, similar to cell-autonomous responses …

Glucose is a global regulator of growth and metabolism that is evolutionarily conserved from
unicellular microorganisms to multicellular animals and plants. In photosynthetic plants …

Although genomes of mitochondria and plastids are very small compared to those of their
bacterial ancestors, the transcription machineries of these organelles are of surprising …

We have sequenced five distinct mitochondrial genomes in maize: two fertile cytotypes (NA
and the previously reported NB) and three cytoplasmic-male-sterile cytotypes (CMS-C, CMS …

Chloroplasts are semiautonomous organelles which possess their own genome and gene
expression system. However, extant chloroplasts contain only limited coding information …

The land plant Arabidopsis thaliana contains three closely related nuclear genes encoding
phage‐type RNA polymerases (RpoT; 1, RpoT; 2 and RpoT; 3). The gene products of RpoT; …

This chapter describes the components of the transcriptional apparatus in plastids (RNA
polymerases, promoters, transcription factors) and their roles in transcription. The …

Plastids are semiautonomous plant organelles exhibiting their own transcription–translation
systems that originated from a cyanobacteria‐related endosymbiotic prokaryote. As a …

The rice virescent-2 mutant (v 2) is temperature conditional and develops chlorotic,
chloroplast-deficient leaves at the restrictive temperature. In the v 2 mutant, plastid-encoded …