腐败是一种世界性的现象. 本文介绍了腐败的定义和度量方法, 梳理了关于腐败与经济效率的
关系的两种观点:“帮助之手” 论和“掠夺之手” 论. 近期的文献超越了这两种极端的观点 …

We analyze the determinants of corruption in Russia using law enforcement data on
corruption incidents for a panel of 79 Russian regions for the period 2004–13. We find that …

This paper argues that corruption in Russia is systemic in nature. Low wage levels of public
officials provide strong incentives to engage in corruption. As corruption is illegal, corrupt …

Corruption in Russia is more than the abuse of public power for private gain, as the standard
definition by the World Bank suggests (World Bank 1997, p. 102), it is an integral part of the …