Cancer immunotherapy including cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade or chimeric
antigen receptor T cells has been considered a promising cancer terminator, which can …

Epitope-based vaccine is a promising personalized cancer immunotherapy; however, a
simple and effective approach for its bulk manufacturing is challenging. Current vaccination …

Compared to traditional vaccines that are formulated into mixtures of an adjuvant and an
antigen, a self-adjuvanting vaccine consists of an antigen that is covalently conjugated to a …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are important initiators of adaptive immunity, and they possess a
multitude of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR) to generate an adequate T cell mediated …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are armed with a multitude of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) to
recognize pathogens and initiate pathogen-tailored T cell responses. In these responses …

Covalent conjugation of allergens to toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists appears to be a
powerful strategy for the development of safety compounds for allergen-specific …

Background Amplivant is a molecularly optimized Toll-like receptor 2 ligand that can be
covalently conjugated to tumor peptide antigens. In preclinical models, amplivant …

Adjuvants play a determinant role in cancer vaccination by optimally activating APCs and
shaping the T cell response. Bacterial-derived lipid A is one of the most potent immune …

Sialyl-Tn (STn), overexpressed on various tumors, has been investigated for its application
in anti-cancer vaccine therapy. However, Theratope, an STn-based vaccine, failed in the …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are vital components of the innate immune system, serving as the
first line of defense against pathogens by recognizing a wide array of molecular patterns …