Muscle fatigue is an exercise-induced reduction in maximal voluntary muscle force. It may
arise not only because of peripheral changes at the level of the muscle, but also because …

Locomotion results from intricate dynamic interactions between a central program and
feedback mechanisms. The central program relies fundamentally on a genetically …

Mammalian motor programs are controlled by networks of spinal interneurons that set the
rhythm and intensity of motor neuron firing. Motor neurons have long been known to receive …

The mammalian spinal cord contains a locomotor central pattern generator (CPG) that can
produce alternating rhythmic activity of flexor and extensor motoneurones in the absence of …

How is load sensed by receptors, and how is this sensory information used to guide
locomotion? Many insights in this domain have evolved from comparative studies since it …

Soon after Edward Liddell [1895–1981] and Charles Sherrington [1857–1952] introduced
the concept of a motor unit in 1925 and the necessary technology was developed, the …

< jats: title> Abstract</jats: title>< jats: p> The sections in this article are:</jats: p>< jats:
sec>< jats: title> Kinematics and Muscle Activity</jats: title>< jats: sec>< jats: title> Hindlimb …

Over the past 40 years, much has been learned about the role of serotonin in spinal cord
reflex modulation and locomotor pattern generation. This review presents an historical …

The excitability of spinal motoneurons is both fundamental for motor behavior and essential
in diagnosis of neural disorders. There are two mechanisms for altering this excitability. The …

To effect movement, motoneurons must respond appropriately to motor commands. Their
responsiveness to these inputs, or excitability, is regulated by neuromodulators. Possible …