Growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) is a stress responsive cytokine. It is highly
expressed in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular …

Although aortic stenosis is a common condition associated with major morbidity, mortality,
and health economic costs, there are currently no medical interventions capable of delaying …

Hypertensive heart disease is a constellation of abnormalities that includes left ventricular
hypertrophy (LVH), systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and their clinical manifestations …

The rapid technological developments of the past decade and the changes in
echocardiographic practice brought about by these developments have resulted in the need …

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has become a key imaging modality in clinical
cardiology practice due to its unique capabilities for non-invasive imaging of the cardiac …

This review explains how the heart responds to physiologic or pathologic conditions.
Exercise, pregnancy, and postnatal growth cause physiologic growth; neurohumoral …

echocardiogram) may be expected to facilitate the identification of patients with chest pain of
an ischemic etiology (angina). In a patient presenting to the emergency department with …

Background To date there has been no comprehensive review of the association between
left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) at baseline and subsequent adverse clinical events …

Aims It is unclear whether subclinical vascular damage adds significantly to Systemic
Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) risk stratification in healthy subjects. Methods and …

ContextElectrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a strong predictor of
cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. However, the predictive value of changes in the …