All forms of life produce nanosized extracellular vesicles called exosomes, which are
enclosed in lipid bilayer membranes. Exosomes engage in cell-to-cell communication and …

Cisplatin is commonly used in combination with other cytotoxic agents as a standard
treatment regimen for a variety of solid tumors, such as lung, ovarian, testicular, and head …

The tetraspanins (TSPANs) are a family of four-transmembrane proteins with 33 members in
mammals. They are variably expressed on the cell surface, various intracellular organelles …

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the interplay of multiple
factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and viral infections. Cisplatin-based …

Current evidence indicate that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in
prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. In this study, we identified CAF-related …

The incidence and mortality of breast cancer rank first among all types of female tumors. To
improve patients' prognosis with advanced breast cancer, new and more effective targets …

Purpose Resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the primary cause of a poor
prognosis in oncological patients. Researchers identified many possible mechanisms …

Intra-tumor heterogeneity is widely accepted as one of the key factors, which hinders cancer
patients from achieving full recovery. Especially, cancer stem cells (CSCs) may exhibit self …

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) originates in the epithelial cells of the nasopharynx and
is a common malignant tumor in southern China and Southeast Asia. Metastasis of NPC …

Simple Summary Drug resistance is the principal limiting factor to achieving good survival
rates in patients with cancer. The identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis and …