Nectar, the main floral reward for pollinators, varies greatly in composition and
concentration. The assumption that nectar quality is equivalent to its sugar (energy) …

Background Floral nectar is an important determinant of plant–pollinator interactions and an
integral component of pollination syndromes, suggesting it is under pollinator-mediated …

Most studies of plant–animal mutualistic networks have come from a temporally static
perspective. This approach has revealed general patterns in network structure, but limits our …

Nectar properties tend to be similar for plants visited by the same kinds of pollinators, and
much of the available information on nectar chemistry has been collected in the context of …

Human‐mediated species introductions provide real‐time experiments in how communities
respond to interspecific competition. For example, managed honey bees Apis mellifera (L.) …

Floral nectar production is central to plant pollination, and hence to human wellbeing. As
floral nectar is essentially a solution in water of various sugars, it is likely a valuable plant …

Nectar secretion is complicated to study from the ultrastructural point of view because it is a
dynamic process involving many tissues simultaneously. dures, although this problem can …

Floral phenotypes may be as much the result of selection for avoidance of some animal
visitors as selection for improving the interaction with better pollinators. When specializing …

Due to the contribution of honey bees (Apis mellifera) to wild flower and crop pollination,
beekeeping has traditionally been considered a sustainable practice. However, high honey …

We compared pollen removal and deposition by hummingbirds and bumblebees visiting
bird‐syndrome Penstemon barbatus and bee‐syndrome P. strictus flowers. One model for …