Lipid signalling plays a crucial role in extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated cell-to-cell
communication. Extracellular vesicles are small membrane-bound structures released by …

The pathogeneses of the 2 major forms of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, differ with respect to
their major molecular insults (loss of immune tolerance and onset of tissue insulin …

Extracellular vesicles play major roles in cell-to-cell communication and are excellent
biomarker candidates. However, studying plasma extracellular vesicles is challenging due …

Many parasitic worms have a major adverse impact on human and animal populations
worldwide due to the chronicity of their infections. There is a growing body of evidence …

Objective Beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the combined effect of
inflammation and recurrent autoimmunity. In recent years, the role played by beta cells in the …

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDC) arrest the progression of autoimmune-driven dysglycemia
into clinical, insulin-requiring type 1 diabetes (T1D) and preserve a critical mass of β cells …

Exosomes are extracellular bilayer membrane nanovesicles released by cells after the
fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane. One of the interesting …

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurological ailment in the
world after Alzheimer's disease (AD), affects about 1% of those over 65 years. Exosomes …

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by
hyperglycemia, and its increasing prevalence is a global concern. Early diagnostic markers …

Exosomes are spherical extracellular nanovesicles with an endosomal origin and
unilamellar lipid-bilayer structure with sizes ranging from 30 to 100 nm. They contain a large …