It is often said that there are two types of psychological processes: one that is intentional,
controllable, conscious, and inefficient, and another that is unintentional, uncontrollable …

I present a critical discussion of dual-process theories of reasoning and decision making
with particular attention to the nature and role of Type 2 processes. The original theory …

Humans have the capacity, but perhaps not always the willingness, for great intelligence.
From global warming to the spread of misinformation and beyond, our species is facing …

Mental representations remain the central posits of psychology after many decades of
scrutiny. However, there is no consensus about the representational format (s) of biological …

What role does deliberation play in susceptibility to political misinformation and “fake news”?
The Motivated System 2 Reasoning (MS2R) account posits that deliberation causes people …

Fake news (ie, misinformation) on social media has sharply increased over the past years.
We conducted an experiment collecting behavioral and EEG data from 83 social media …

Meta-Reasoning refers to the processes that monitor the progress of our reasoning and
problem-solving activities and regulate the time and effort devoted to them. Monitoring …

Popular dual-process models of thinking have long conceived intuition and deliberation as
two qualitatively different processes. Single-process-model proponents claim that the …

In my personal chapter contribution I present the basic dual process model that I believe to
be supported by my own empirical findings and the work of many of the contributors to this …

Humans are cognitive misers because their basic tendency is to default to processing
mechanisms of low computational expense. Such a tendency leads to suboptimal outcomes …