A mathematical model was developed to study the effects of the flow control devices and the
gas curtain on the steel cleanness in a single-strand tundish. The Eulerian–Lagrangian …

Mean age theory is introduced to characterize the mixing performance of tundish based on
the spatial distribution of tracer's mean age. Conventional residence time distribution theory …

Quantified residence-time distribution (RTD) provides a numerical characterization of mixing
in the continuous casting tundish-thus allowing the engineer to better understand the …

This study describes a new tanks-in-series model for analyzing non-ideal flow regimes in a
single-strand tundish. The tundish was divided into two interconnected tanks, namely an …

In continuous casting, the argon blowing at the tundish upper nozzle is usually used to
prevent nozzle clogging, whose effect is closely related to the migration of argon bubbles …

Continuous casting is one of the steel production stages, during which the improvement in
the metallurgical purity of steel can be additionally affected by removing nonmetallic …

The successful design of refractory lining for a tundish is critical due to the demand of
superheat control, improvement of steel cleanliness and reduction in material cost during …

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become an indispensable tool that can potentially
predict many phenomena of practical interest in the tundish. Model verification and …

In continuous casting, molten steel often contains non-metallic inclusions that have a very
high melting temperature and thus remain suspended in the molten flow. Given the lower …

Porous permeable bricks have been widely used in the process of argon bubbling in
tundishes due to their gas permeability, stable bubble formation ability and their refractory …