Vertical land motions are a key element in understanding how sea levels have changed
over the past century and how future sea levels may impact coastal areas. Ideally, to be …

The fact that ocean currents must flow parallel to the coast leads to the dynamics of coastal
sea level being quite different from the dynamics in the open ocean. The coastal influence of …

Attribution of sea-level change to its different drivers is typically done using a sea-level
budget approach. While the global mean sea-level budget is considered closed, closing the …

It is well known that sea level variations exhibit temporal correlation. This is sometimes
ignored in the estimation process of the sea level rise or taken into account using a first …

GPS observations used in geophysical studies are not usually corrected for non‐tidal ocean
loading (NTOL) displacement. Here we investigate NTOL effects on 3–4 year GPS height …

A major challenge for managing impacts and implementing effective mitigation measures
and adaptation strategies for coastal zones affected by future sea level (SL) rise is our …

Long‐term trends and decadal variability of sea level in the North Sea and along the
Norwegian coast have been studied over the period 1958–2014. We model the spatially …

Present‐day mass redistribution increases the total ocean mass and, on average, causes
the ocean bottom to subside elastically. Therefore, barystatic sea level rise is larger than the …

Understanding and explaining the trend in global mean sea level (GMSL) have important
implications for future projections of sea level rise. While measurements from satellite …

Global sea level rise (SLR) associated with a warming climate exerts significant stress on
coastal societies and low-lying island regions. The rates of coastal SLR observed in the past …