Floral morphology is key for understanding floral evolution and plant identification. Floral
diagrams are two-dimensional representations of flowers that replace extensive descriptions …

A salient feature of flowering plant diversification is the emergence of a novel suite of floral
features coinciding with the origin of the most species-rich lineage, Pentapetalae. Advances …

Symmetry is a defining feature of floral diversity. Here we review the evolutionary and
ecological context of floral symmetry (adding new data regarding its distribution), as well as …

Eudicots and their currently recognized major subclades are characterized as to floral
structure (including some “embryological” features) based on ca. 3000 original publications …

Inferring directions of character transformation during angiosperm evolution is widely
appreciated as one of the most important goals of systematic botany, offering the potential to …

Background and aims–The term'petal'is loosely applied to a variety of showy non-
homologous structures, generally situated in the second whorl of a differentiated perianth …

Almost all angiosperms are angiospermous, ie the ovules are enclosed in carpels at
anthesis and during seed development, but angiospermy develops in different ways across …

Seventeen morphological characters are described and plotted on a phylogeny of the
eudicots. The distribution of perianth characters demonstrates that the currently held view …

This comparative study combines original results with a review of the literature summarizing
our present knowledge as regards nectaries in angiosperm flowers. The focus is mainly on …

In several flowering plants, pollen is not delivered directly from the anthers to the pollinators
but is transferred to and presented by another floral structure, a phenomenon known as …