Gout is characterized by hyperuricemia and the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU)
crystals around joints. Despite the availability of several drugs on the market, its treatment …

Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate a diverse range of biochemical reactions in a
highly specific and efficient manner. The development of inhibitors of several clinically …

Hyperuricemia is the second most prevalent metabolic disease to human health after
diabetes. Only a few clinical drugs are available, and most of them have serious side effects …

Pyrazolopyrimidines are the fused heterocyclic ring systems which structurally resemble
purines which prompted biological investigations to assess their potential therapeutic …

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a flavoprotein catalysing the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine
and then to uric acid, while simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species. Altered …

Xanthine oxidoreductase is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the final steps in purine
metabolism by converting hypoxanthine to xanthine and then uric acid. Allopurinol, an …

Almost all drug molecules become the substrates for oxidoreductase enzymes, get
metabolized into more hydrophilic products and eliminated from the body. These …

Xanthine oxidase, a molybdo-flavoenzyme, and an isoform of xanthine dehydrogenase both
exist as xanthine oxidoreductase and are responsible for purine catabolism. Xanthine …

Introduction Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a molybdoflavoprotein that catalyzes the oxidative
hydroxylation of purines to produce uric acid and reactive oxygen species. These reaction …

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), which is widely distributed from humans to bacteria, has a
key role in purine catabolism, catalyzing two steps of sequential hydroxylation from …