Since the serendipitous discovery 20 years ago of bona fide camelid heavy-chain
antibodies, their single-domain antigen-binding fragments, known as VHHs or nanobodies …

Nanobodies, or VHHs, refer to the antigen-binding domain of heavy-chain antibodies
(HCAbs) from camelids. They have been widely used as research tools for protein …

In vitro selection of antibodies allows to obtain highly functional binders, rapidly and at lower
cost. Here, we describe the first fully synthetic phage display library of humanized llama …

Correct elucidation of physiological and pathological processes mediated by extracellular
vesicles (EV) is highly dependent on the reliability of the method used for their purification …

Abstract Background In Escherichia coli many heterologous proteins are produced in the
periplasm. To direct these proteins to the periplasm, they are equipped with an N-terminal …

In vivo clinical applications of nanobodies (VHHs) require molecules that induce minimal
immunoresponse and therefore possess sequences as similar as possible to the human VH …

Worldwide, plant viral infections decrease seriously the crop production yield, boosting the
demand to develop new strategies to control viral diseases. One of these strategies to …

Heavy‐chain‐only antibodies (HCAbs), which are devoid of light chains, have been found
naturally occurring in various species including camelids and cartilaginous fish. Because of …

Single domain heavychain binders (nanobodies) obtained from camelid antibody libraries
hold a great promise for immunoassay development. However, there is no simple method to …

Camelid-derived nanobodies are versatile tools for research, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
Certain nanobodies can function as intrabodies and bind antigens within the eukaryotic …