Women mount more vigorous antibody-and cell-mediated immune responses following
either infection or vaccination than men. The incidence of most autoimmune diseases is also …

The ultimate success of strategies to prevent sexual transmission of HIV depends, in part, on
a better understanding of the virological and immunological mechanisms that define sexual …

ABSTRACT A major unknown in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) vaccine design is
the efficacy of antibodies in preventing mucosal transmission of R5 viruses. These viruses …

The immune system in the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in the control of infection,
as it constitutes the first line of defense against mucosal pathogens. The attractive features of …

A cholera vaccine containing killed vibrios and cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) was used to
compare mucosal immunization routes for induction of systemic and mucosal Ab. Four …

Abstract Development of vaccines capable of preventing the transmission or limiting the
severity of sexually transmitted viruses, such as HSV and HIV, will likely be dependent on …

Worldwide, an increasing number of women use oral or injectable hormonal contraceptives.
However, inadequate information is available to aid women and health care professionals in …

Treatment of HIV infection with either antiretroviral (ARV) therapy or neutralizing monoclonal
antibodies (NAbs) leads to a reduction in HIV plasma virus. Both ARVs and NAbs prevent …

Microbial infections are a threat to women's reproductive health. Although reproductive
cycles and pregnancy are controlled by sex hormones, the impact of hormones on host …

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by viruses, including HSV-2, HIV-1, HPV, are
among the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide and a major cause of morbidity …