The population of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is continuously increasing
with more and more patients reaching adulthood. A significant portion of these young adults …

The writing group was chosen from the membership of the International Society for Heart
and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), the Association of European Pediatric and Congenital …

Pacemaker treatment for bradyarrhythmia was first approved for national health insurance
coverage in Japan in 1974, and its use rapidly became widespread thereafter …

4. Delivery of care and ensuring access to care.............. e108 4.1. Recommendations for the
coordination and delivery of care for adults with CHD and arrhythmias …

In view of the increasing complexity of both cardiovascular implantable electronic devices
(CIEDs) and patients in the current era, practice guidelines, by necessity, have become …

Cardiac physiologic pacing (CPP), encompassing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)
and conduction system pacing (CSP), has emerged as a pacing therapy strategy that may …

Atrioventricular block is classified as congenital if diagnosed in utero, at birth, or within the
first month of life. The pathophysiological process is believed to be due to immune-mediated …

In view of the increasing complexity of both cardiovascular implantable electronic devices
(CIEDs) and patients in the current era, practice guidelines, by necessity, have become …

Patients with heart failure and decreased function frequently develop discoordinate
contraction because of electric activation delay. Often termed dyssynchrony, this further …

Background Palliation of the single ventricle (SV) circulation is associated with a burden of
lifelong complications. Previous studies have identified that the need for a permanent …