The monitoring of endocrine markers that inform about an animal's physiological state has
become an invaluable tool for studying the behavioral ecology of primates. While the …

Simple Summary It is considered best practice in the field of animal welfare to utilize multiple
indicators of welfare when assessing an individual's current state. While welfare scientists …

Human adolescence is characterized by a suite of changes in decision-making and
emotional regulation that promote risky and impulsive behavior. Accumulating evidence …

Human life history schedules vary, partly, because of adaptive, plastic responses to early-life
conditions. Little is known about how prenatal conditions relate to puberty timing. We …

In humans, reticularis cells of the adrenal cortex fuel the production of androgen steroids,
constituting the driver of numerous morphological changes during childhood. These steps …

Research on age-related changes in morphology, social behavior, and cognition suggests
that the development of bonobos (Pan paniscus) is delayed in comparison to chimpanzees …

Adrenarche, the post-natal rise of DHEA and DHEAS, is unique to humans and the African
Apes. Recent findings have linked DHEA in humans to the development of the left …

Compared with most mammals, postnatal development in great apes is protracted,
presenting both an extended period of phenotypic plasticity to environmental conditions and …

Background: The prevalence of adrenal hyperandrogenism (AH), as defined by increased
circulating dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) levels, ranges from 15 to 45% in …

The development of the adrenal cortex varies considerably across primates, being most
conspicuous in humans, where a functional zona reticularis–the site of …