The Hedgehog–Gli (Hh–Gli) signaling pathway controls many aspects of tissue patterning,
cell proliferation, differentiation and regeneration and regulates cell number in various …

Non-integrating gene-delivery platforms demonstrate promise as potentially ideal gene-
therapy vector systems. Although several approaches are under development, there is little …

We report on the construction of maize minichromosomes using shuttle vectors harboring
native centromeric segments, origins of replication, selectable marker genes, and telomeric …

Human chromosome fragments (hCFs) and human artificial chromosomes (HACs) can be
transferred into mouse ES cells to produce trans-chromosomic (Tc) mice. Although hCFs …

Despite the conserved essential function of centromeres, centromeric DNA itself is not
conserved. The histone-H3 variant, CENP-A, is the epigenetic mark that specifies …

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated cell fusion is a simple and efficient technique used
widely for the production of somatic cell hybrids and for nuclear transfer in mammalian …

Human artificial chromosomes have been used to model requirements for human
chromosome segregation and to explore the nature of sequences competent for centromere …

Fourteen minichromosomes derived from the B chromosome of maize are described. The
centromeric region of the B chromosome contains a specific repetitive DNA element called …

The recent emergence of stem cell-based tissue engineering has now opened up new
venues for gene therapy. The task now is to develop safe and effective vectors that can …

Practical applications of minichromosomes, generated by de novo composition or by
truncation of natural chromosomes, rely on stable transmission of these chromosomes …