The implementation of pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing in psychiatry remains modest, in part
due to divergent perceptions of the quality and completeness of the evidence base and …

Highlights•Opioid use disorder risk has a large heritable component (23–54%).•The OPRM1
variant rs1799971 (aka A118G) as a small effect on risk for OUD and general substance …

Problematic alcohol use (PAU), a trait that combines alcohol use disorder and alcohol-
related problems assessed with a questionnaire, is a leading cause of death and morbidity …

Importance With the current opioid crisis, it is important to improve understanding of the
biological mechanisms of opioid use disorder (OUD). Objectives To detect genetic risk …

Abstract Purpose of Review With the advent of the genome-wide association study (GWAS),
our understanding of the genetics of addiction has made significant strides forward. Here …

Background Substance use disorders (SUD) are a category of psychiatric disorders with a
large epidemiological and societal impact around the world. In the last decades, a large …

Opioid addiction (OA) is moderately heritable, yet only rs1799971, the A118G variant in
OPRM1, has been identified as a genome-wide significant association with OA and …

Opioids are very effective analgesics, but they are also highly addictive. Methadone is used
to treat opioid dependence (OD), acting as a selective agonist at the μ-opioid receptor …

Increased physician prescribing of opioids to treat chronic nonprogressive pain has been
accompanied by an increase in opioid addiction. Twin studies of opioid addiction are …

The epidemic of opioid addiction is shaping up as the most serious clinical issues of current
times. Opioids have the greatest propensity to develop addiction after first exposure …