Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a rare and heterogeneous syndrome secondary to a
compression of the neurovascular bundle in the thoracic outlet area. Muscle hypertrophy is …

The sternoclavicular joint is a saddle shaped, synovial joint and is the only skeletal
articulation between the axial skeleton and the upper limb. Here, a reviewis provided of the …

Background: Traumatic posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocations are rare orthopaedic
emergencies. Treatment typically consists of closed reduction, with surgical management …

The sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is an integral part of the shoulder girdle that connects the
upper limb to the axial skeleton. Swelling of the SCJ is commonly due to trauma …

Background: Traumatic posterior dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) are rare.
Multiple case reports, case series, and systematic reviews have been published on the …

Sports-related injuries to the shoulder are common causes of disability. Injuries to the
sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) in sports are more rare, though have been reported in a small …

Background: Traumatic anterior dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) are rare.
Although they can usually be treated by a closed reduction, the reported subsequent …

Background The sternoclavicular joint may become unstable as a result of trauma or medial
clavicle resection for arthritis. Allograft reconstruction with the figure-of-8 configuration is …

Background Sternoclavicular dislocation (SCD) is a rare injury but can result in
hemodynamic and neurovascular complications. Emergency clinicians play an integral role …

Acute dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint are uncommon injuries, and it is difficult for
physicians to develop expertise in treating these injuries because of their infrequent nature …