For more than four decades, scientists have been trying to find an answer to one of the most
fundamental questions in paleoclimatology, the “faint young Sun problem.” For the early …

The onset and nature of the earliest geomagnetic field is important for understanding the
evolution of the core, atmosphere and life on Earth. A record of the early geodynamo is …

Recognizing whether a planet can support life is a primary goal of future exoplanet spectral
characterization missions, but past research on habitability assessment has largely ignored …

Hazes are common in known planetary atmospheres, and geochemical evidence suggests
that early Earth occasionally supported an organic haze with significant environmental and …

UV radiation can induce photochemical processes in exoplanet atmospheres and produce
haze particles. Recent observations suggest that haze and/or cloud layers could be present …

Early Earth may have hosted a biologically mediated global organic haze during the
Archean eon (3.8–2.5 billion years ago). This haze would have significantly impacted …

We report measurements of the subsaturated hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles
composed of single organic components of varying oxygen-to-carbon ratio up to relative …

One of the major uncertainties in the understanding of Earth's climate system is the
interaction between solar radiation and aerosols in the atmosphere. Aerosols exposed to …

The organic haze produced from complex CH 4/N 2 chemistry in the atmosphere of Titan
plays an important role in processes that occur in the atmosphere and on its surface. The …

Earth's atmospheric composition at the time of the origin of life is not known, but it has often
been suggested that chemical transformation of reactive species in the atmosphere was a …