Purpose To present and validate a complete x‐ray emission model (bremsstrahlung and
characteristic x‐ray emission) for the energy range 20–300 kV. Methods An analytical x‐ray …

Objective. Modern preclinical small animal radiation platforms utilize cone beam
computerized tomography (CBCT) for image guidance and experiment planning purposes …

Tunable x-ray sources have attracted interest due to providing selective focal spots and
radiation intensities for different specific uses. Surface-structure of the anode target has a …

Background Misalignment or double‐contouring artifacts can appear in high‐resolution 3D
cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, potentially indicating geometric accuracy …

This chapter discusses the Monte Carlo modelling of photon beams and the one of electron
beams, while others will deal with hadron beams. One of the most frequent, important uses …

The use of properly designed nanostructured anode targets enables direct generation of
high performance X-rays. In particular, this scheme has attracted widespread research …

The focal track of high-performance rotating anodes withstands extreme temperatures,
thermal shock, and thermal fatigue during the operation of X-ray tubes. Overloading the focal …

Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of X-ray image devices require splitting the simulation into two
parts (ie the generation of x-rays and the actual imaging). The X-ray production remains …

For X-ray tubes in lab based computed micro-tomography systems, off-focal X rays are those
emitted from the source but not produced at the primary focal spot of the electron beam …

Off-focal x rays are an undesirable feature in industrial and medical x-ray computed-
tomography scanners that contributes the effects of a large defocused source. They lead to …