In nature, microbes tend to form synergistic biofilms on a wide range of materials using
extracellular polymeric substances to embed sessile cells. Problematic biofilms provide …

Biofouling is the undesired deposition and growth of microorganisms on surfaces, forming
biofilms. The definition is subjective and operational: not every biofilm causes biofouling …

Background Microbe–virus interactions have broad implications on the composition,
function, and evolution of microbiomes. Elucidating the effects of environmental stresses on …

Wastewater is a breeding ground for many pathogens, which may pose a threat to human
health through various water transmission pathways. Therefore, a simple and effective …

Many studies on phage biology are based on isolation methods that may inadvertently
select for narrow-host-range phages. Consequently, broad-host-range phages, whose …

Conspectus Water security to protect human lives and support sustainable development is
one of the greatest global challenges of this century. While a myriad of water pollutants can …

In nature, microorganisms tend to form biofilms that consist of extracellular polymeric
substances with embedded sessile cells. Biofilms, especially mixed-culture synergistic …

Bacteriophages, as the most dominant and diverse entities in the universe, have the
potential to be one of the most promising therapeutic agents. The emergence of multidrug …

Interactions between bacteriophages (phages) and biofilms are poorly understood despite
their broad ecological and water quality implications. Here, we report that biofilm exposure …

Bacteriophages are the viruses of bacteria. In the guise of phage therapy they have been
used for decades to successfully treat what are probable biofilm-containing chronic bacterial …