Multiple sclerosis is a chronic immune mediated demyelinating disease leading to
neurological disabilities that need to be diagnosed and treated early. Guidelines on multiple …

Lyme borreliosis is transmitted en France by the tick Ixodes ricinus, endemic in metropolitan
France. In the absence of vaccine licensed for use in humans, primary prevention mostly …

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most commonly reported tick-borne disease in Germany. In 9/16
states, notification of erythema migrans (EM), acute neuroborreliosis (NB) and Lyme arthritis …

The complex etiology of neurodegenerative disease has prompted studies on multiple
mechanisms including genetic predisposition, brain biochemistry, immunological responses …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is located at the interface between the vascular system and
the brain parenchyma, and is responsible for communication with systemic circulation and …

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is a tick-borne spirochetal infection with a broad spectrum of
imaging pathology. For individuals who live in or have travelled to areas where ticks reside …

The clinical course of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is highly variable. Delayed diagnosis
and treatment still remain actual challenges. Moreover, there is a lack of studies analyzing …

Objective Infectious myelopathy of any stage and etiology carries the potential for significant
morbidity and mortality. This article details the clinical presentation, risk factors, and key …

The goal of this paper is to characterize the clinical presentation, serological results, current
antibiotic treatment practice, including compliance with current European guidelines, and …

Neuroborreliosis (NB) and neurosyphilis (NS) are abnormal conditions caused by
spirochetal bacteria which affect the nervous system. Diagnosis of neuroborreliosis and …