Most adaption processes have a polygenic genetic basis, but even with the recent explosive
growth of genomic data we are still lacking a unified framework describing the dynamics of …

Pinus sylvestris has a long history of basic and applied research that is relevant for both
forestry and evolutionary studies. Its patterns of adaptive variation and role in forest …

Evolutionary theory has produced two conflicting paradigms for the adaptation of a
polygenic trait. While population genetics views adaptation as a sequence of selective …

Spatially varying selection promotes variance in allele frequencies, increasing genetic
differentiation between the demes of a metapopulation. For that reason, outliers in the …

Theoretical population genetics has long studied the arrival and geographic spread of
adaptive variants through the analysis of mathematical models of dispersal and natural …

Range expansions lead to distinctive patterns of genetic variation in populations, even in the
absence of selection. These patterns and their genetic consequences have been well …

Convergent adaptation is the independent evolution of similar traits conferring a fitness
advantage in two or more lineages. Cases of convergent adaptation inform our ideas about …

Rapid phenotypic adaptation is widespread in nature, but the underlying genetic dynamics
remain controversial. Whereas population genetics envisages sequential beneficial …

In the long-term neutral equilibrium, high rates of migration between subpopulations result in
little population differentiation. However, in the short-term, even very abundant migration …

Individual-based simulation has become an increasingly crucial tool for many fields of
population biology. However, implementing realistic and stable simulations in continuous …