Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease in the elderly. Although OA has been
considered as primarily a disease of the articular cartilage, the participation of subchondral …

Articular cartilage serves as a low-friction, load-bearing tissue without the support with blood
vessels, lymphatics and nerves, making its repair a big challenge. Transforming growth …

In diarthrodial joints, the articular cartilage, calcified cartilage, and subchondral cortical and
trabecular bone form a biocomposite—referred to as the osteochondral unit—that is …

Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent and debilitating joint disorder. There is no effective
medical therapy for the condition because of limited understanding of its pathogenesis. We …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease involving cartilage. Exosomes derived
from Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy improves articular cartilage repair, but …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability in the adult population. As a progressive
degenerative joint disorder, OA is characterized by cartilage damage, changes in the …

During bone resorption, abundant factors previously buried in the bone matrix are released
into the bone marrow microenvironment, which results in recruitment and differentiation of …

Chondrogenesis occurs as a result of mesenchymal cell condensation and
chondroprogenitor cell differentiation. Following chondrogenesis, the chondrocytes remain …

Pain is the defining symptom of osteoarthritis (OA), yet available treatment options, of which
NSAIDs are the most common, provide inadequate pain relief and are associated with …

Obesity-related osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex, multifactorial condition that can cause
significant impact on patients' quality of life. Whilst chronic inflammation, adipocytokines and …