Gene transcription is the process by which the genetic codes of organisms are read and
interpreted as a set of instructions for cells to divide, differentiate, migrate, and mature. As …

Summary The Ca 2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was touted as
a memory molecule, even before its involvement in long-term potentiation (LTP) was shown …

The introduction of high-resolution time lapse imaging and molecular biological tools has
changed dramatically the rate of progress towards the understanding of the complex …

The last 10 years have witnessed a surge of interest for the mechanisms underlying the
acquisition and extinction of classically conditioned fear responses. In part, this results from …

Understanding the mechanisms that underlie learning is one of the most fascinating and
central aims of neurobiological research. Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is …

Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a are important DNA methyltransferases that are expressed in postmitotic
neurons, but their function in the CNS is unclear. We generated conditional mutant mice that …

Activity-dependent plasticity of vertebrate neurons allows the brain to respond to its
environment. During brain development, both spontaneous and sensory-driven neural …

Excitation–transcription coupling (E–TC) links synaptic and cellular activity to nuclear gene
transcription. It is generally accepted that E–TC makes a crucial contribution to learning and …

Nuclear calcium oscillations are a hallmark of symbiotically stimulated plant root cells.
Activation of the central nuclear decoder, calcium-and calmodulin-dependent kinase …

Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is a negative feedback mechanism that neurons use to offset
excessive excitation or inhibition by adjusting their synaptic strengths. Recent findings …